Isinyithi se-silicon, into ebalulekileyo kwimizi-mveliso, idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo. Ukuveliswa kwesinyithi se-silicon kubandakanya iinkqubo ezininzi ezinzima.
Eyona nto iphambili ekrwada yokuvelisa isinyithi sesilicon yiquartzite. I-quartzite lilitye eliqinileyo, elenziwe ngekristale ubukhulu becala. Le quartzite iyatyunyuzwa kwaye igutywe ibe ngumgubo ocolekileyo.
Emva koko, i-quartzite yomgubo ixutywe kunye nezixhobo ze-carbonaceous ezifana namalahle okanye i-coke. Umxholo we-silicon kwicandelo eliphambili malunga ne-98% (kubandakanywa ne-99.99% ye-Si nayo iqulethwe kwi-silicon yensimbi), kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolileyo ziyintsimbi, i-aluminium, i-calcium, njl. Kwezi ziko, amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kakhulu aveliswa ngee-arcs zombane. Ubushushu obukhulu bubangela ukusabela kweekhemikhali phakathi kwe-silica kwi-quartzite kunye nekhabhoni evela kwizinto ze-carbonaceous.
Ukusabela kukhokelela ekunciphiseni kwe-silica kwi-silicon. Isilicon eveliswayo ikwimo etyhidiweyo. Njengoko inkqubo iqhubeka, ukungcola kuyahlukaniswa kwi-silicon etyhidiweyo. Eli nyathelo lokucoca liyimfuneko ekufumaneni isinyithi se-silicon ephezulu.
Ukuveliswa kwentsimbi ye-silicon kufuna ulawulo olungqongqo lobushushu, umgangatho wezinto ezikrwada, kunye neemeko eziko. Abaqhubi abanezakhono kunye nobuchwepheshe obuphambili kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa inkqubo yokuvelisa egudileyo kunye nemveliso ephezulu.
Isinyithi se-silicon sisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimveliso ye-aluminium alloys, njenge-deoxidizer kwi-steelmaking, kunye nakwishishini le-electronics ekwenzeni i-semiconductors. Iimpawu zayo ezizodwa kunye nokuguquguquka kwezinto kuyenza ibe yinto eyimfuneko kwizicelo ezininzi zemizi-mveliso.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-09-2024
