Iindaba zentsimbi yesilicon

1. sebenzisa.

  Isinyithi se-silicon (SI) sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sesinyithi esinoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo. Nazi ezinye zezona zinto zisetyenziswayo zentsimbi yesilicon:

1. Izinto zeSemiconductor: Isinyithi se-silicon yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo ze-semiconductor kwishishini le-electronics, elisetyenziselwa ukwenza izinto ezahlukeneyo ze-elektroniki, ezifana ne-transistors, iiseli zelanga, iiseli ze-photovoltaic, i-photoelectric sensors, njl. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-silicon yensimbi kukhulu kakhulu.

2. Izinto ze-alloy: i-silicon yensimbi ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza izinto ze-alloy, ezinokuphucula amandla, ukuqina kunye nokuxhatshazwa kokugqoka kwe-alloy. I-Metal silicon alloy isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-smelting yensimbi kunye ne-casting industry, njengensimbi engenasici, i-carbide enesamente, i-alloy refractory njalo njalo.

3. Izixhobo ze-ceramic ze-silicate: i-silicon yensimbi ingasetyenziselwa ukulungiselela izinto ze-ceramic ze-silicate, le nto ye-ceramic ineempawu ezigqwesileyo zokugquma kunye nokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, kusetyenziswe ngokubanzi kumandla ombane, i-metallurgy, imboni yeekhemikhali, i-ceramics kunye namanye amashishini.

4. Iikhompawundi ze-Silicone: i-silicon yensimbi ingasetyenziselwa njengezinto eziluhlaza ze-silicone iikhompawundi zokuvelisa irabha ye-silicone, i-silicone resin, ioli ye-silicone, i-silicone kunye nezinye iimveliso. Ezi mveliso zinokuxhathisa ubushushu obuphezulu, ukuxhathisa ubushushu obuphantsi, ukuxhathisa ukubola kweekhemikhali, ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-aerospace, iimoto, ukwakhiwa, ezonyango kunye nezinye iinkalo.

5. Eminye imimandla: Isinyithi se-silicon singasetyenziselwa ukulungiswa kwe-silicon carbon fiber, i-silicon carbon nanotubes kunye nezinye izinto eziphezulu zokusebenza, ukulungiselela izixhobo zokugquma i-thermal, iingubo zokugqoka izinto eziphathekayo, i-spark nozzles njalo njalo.

Ngokubanzi, isinyithi sesilicon siyinto ebaluleke kakhulu kwimizi-mveliso ekrwada, isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-electronics, metallurgy, ceramics, chemicals, medical and other fields. Ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo lwesayensi kunye nobuchwepheshe, ukusetyenziswa kwe-silicon yensimbi kukwaqhubeka nokwandisa kunye nokwenza izinto ezintsha, kuya kubakho amathemba abanzi emarike.

2.Imveliso yehlabathi jikelele ye-silicon yoshishino.

Ngokuphathelele umthamo wemveliso: ngo-2021, amandla okuvelisa i-silicon yelizwe jikelele yi-6.62 yezigidi zeetoni, apho i-4.99 yezigidi zeetoni zigxininiswe e-China (SMM2021 izibalo ezisebenzayo zokuvelisa umthamo wesampula, ngaphandle kwe-zombie umthamo wemveliso malunga ne-5.2-5.3 yezigidi zeetoni), ibalelwa kuma-75%; Umthamo wemveliso yaphesheya malunga ne-1.33 yezigidi zeetoni. Kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo, amandla okuvelisa phesheya azinzile ngokupheleleyo, ngokusisiseko agcina iitoni ezingaphezulu kwe-1.2-1.3 yezigidi..

I-China ngowona mvelisi mkhulu we-silicon yoshishino, inzuzo yeendleko zemveliso yeshishini, i-photovoltaic / i-silicone / i-aluminium alloy kunye nezinye iimarike zabathengi ezibalulekileyo eziphela zigxininiswe e-China, kwaye kukho ukukhula kwemfuno eyomeleleyo, ukukhusela isikhundla esiphezulu somthamo wokuvelisa i-silicon yezoshishino. Imakethi kulindeleke ukuba umthamo wemveliso we-silicon yelizwe jikelele uza kunyuka ukuya kuthi ga kwi-8.14 yezigidi zeetoni ngo-2025, kwaye i-China isaza kulawula indlela yokukhula kwamandla, kwaye umthamo ophakamileyo uya kufikelela kwi-6.81 yezigidi zeetoni, kubalwa phantse i-80%. Phesheya kolwandle, izigebenga zesilicon zemveli ngokuthe ngcembe zanda ezantsi, ikakhulu zijolise kumazwe asaphuhlayo anjenge-Indonesia aneendleko eziphantsi zamandla.

Ngokwemveliso: isiphumo esipheleleyo se-silicon yemveliso yehlabathi ngo-2021 yi-4.08 yezigidi zeetoni; I-China ngumvelisi omkhulu we-silicon yezoshishino kwihlabathi, kunye nemveliso efikelela kwi-3.17 yezigidi zeetoni (idatha ye-SMM equka i-97, i-silicon ehlaziyiweyo), ibalwa kwi-77%. Ukusukela ngo-2011, i-China iye yogqitha iBrazil njengomvelisi omkhulu wehlabathi kunye nomthengi we-silicon yezoshishino.

Ngokwezibalo zelizwekazi, ngo-2020, e-Asia, eYurophu, eMzantsi Melika naseMntla Melika, umlinganiselo wemveliso ye-silicon yezoshishino yi-76%, 11%, 7% kunye ne-5%, ngokulandelanayo. Ngokwezibalo zelizwe, imveliso ye-silicon yaphesheya igxile kakhulu eBrazil, eNorway, eUnited States, eFransi nakwezinye iindawo. Ngo-2021, i-USGS yakhupha idatha ye-silicon yokuvelisa isinyithi, kuquka i-ferrosilicon alloy, kunye ne-China, iRashiya, i-Australia, iBrazil, iNorway, kunye ne-United States ibekwe kwindawo yokuqala kwimveliso ye-silicon yensimbi.